Hydrotreating is a method in which the gasoil inlet channel is blended with hydrogen gas. This mixture is then given high temperature and is delivered to the fixed bed catalyst hydrotreater or reactor.
Sulphur removal is basically a functionality of different factors including pressure, heat, catalyst, ratio of hydrogen and gas, etc. The reaction occurs at a high temperature and pressure and gives rise to hydrogen sulphide along with ammonia, in case there is nitrogen compound within the feed.
Later the hydrogen sulphide and ammonia are taken out from the distillation column following a highlow pressure separator after the hydrotreater reactor.
There remain solid and semi-solid contaminating agents that may be generated through corrosion within the upstream units. These contaminants can ultimately have an effect on the productivity and efficacy of the refinery units.
This way fouling continues to increase and results in increase in differential pressure across the reactor. Contaminants entering the hydrotreater will foul the catalyst bed which may result in:
Sulphur removal is basically a functionality of different factors including pressure, heat, catalyst, ratio of hydrogen and gas, etc. The reaction occurs at a high temperature and pressure and gives rise to hydrogen sulphide along with ammonia, in case there is nitrogen compound within the feed.
Later the hydrogen sulphide and ammonia are taken out from the distillation column following a highlow pressure separator after the hydrotreater reactor.
There remain solid and semi-solid contaminating agents that may be generated through corrosion within the upstream units. These contaminants can ultimately have an effect on the productivity and efficacy of the refinery units.
This way fouling continues to increase and results in increase in differential pressure across the reactor. Contaminants entering the hydrotreater will foul the catalyst bed which may result in:
- An increase in differential pressure throughout the reactor which ultimately reduces oil-gas throughput.
- Deactivation of the catalyst
- An unprecedented termination of the reactor for taking out the fouled bed and changing the catalyst.
- Fixed bed reactor and the catalytic column catalyst beds are safeguarded from issues of fouling which increases the service span of the catalyst.
- Protection of cylinders and nozzles improves the efficiency of the compressor and reduces the downtime too.
Through the process of hydrotreatment, acid gas having hydrogen sulphide is generated. For selective removal of the acid gas amines like MDEA or DEA are used. Amine and water are fed in an amine contactor.Amine selectively soaks acid gas when the steam circulates. Hydrogen sulphide is then extracted from rich amine. The captured amine is sent back to the contractor.
Both solid and semi-soil contaminants in the amine system may result in various issues, including:
Both solid and semi-soil contaminants in the amine system may result in various issues, including:
- Foaming which causes low system efficiency.
- Contractor plugging causes high differential pressure and lowered contactor efficacy.
- Fouling of heat exchanger results in high consumption of energy.
- Fouling of carbon bed results in frequent bed replacement.
- Safeguarding amine contractors can eliminate foaming.
- Reduced fouling results in increased service time between maintenance and shutdowns.
- Significant reduction in use of filter cartridge and its expenses.
Water as well as its vapour enriched with hydrogen sulphide with different sour elements, is generated by different sections within the refinery. The water is stored until it is treated to remove sour elements. Acid gas elements are sent to an amine contractor for the treatment. The water that is stripped is recycled or disposed of.
Solids in the sour water stream cause fouling of the stripper column, reboiler and heat exchanger. It may also result in contamination of downstream processes.
Advantage of the process
Solids in the sour water stream cause fouling of the stripper column, reboiler and heat exchanger. It may also result in contamination of downstream processes.
Advantage of the process
- Lowers the fouling of the stripping column, reboiler and heat exchanger. It also extends the service between maintenance and shutdowns.
- Removal of the contaminants results in protection of amine sweetening and the sulphur plant processes.
Refineries need a water filtration model for the removal of the contaminants. This is an important aspect that a water purification company always takes seriously. These systems primarily involve a thorough reverse osmosis system. This system provides refineries with boiler feedwater.
Pre-filtration of source water is necessary otherwise it will foul the RO membranes and you will have to replace them more often. The RO systems must remove solid as well as semi-solid comtaminants to prevent fouling of the steam generators.
Advantages
RO membranes are saved from fouling. This eliminates the need of frequently changing the RO membranes and thus reducing the cost.
Pre-filtration of source water is necessary otherwise it will foul the RO membranes and you will have to replace them more often. The RO systems must remove solid as well as semi-solid comtaminants to prevent fouling of the steam generators.
Advantages
RO membranes are saved from fouling. This eliminates the need of frequently changing the RO membranes and thus reducing the cost.
Refineries demand budget-friendly and maintenance-free filtration of fuel oil which is delivered to the boilers for burning the fuel to ensure that contaminants don’t erode the nozzle of the burner.
Our filters are capable of providing maintenance-free filtration of fuel oil in the refineries.
Our filters are capable of providing maintenance-free filtration of fuel oil in the refineries.
Diesel, kerosene and gasoline are filtered before delivering them to the customers. These refined products are produced by various processes. The quality of these products meets or exceeds the specifications of the product.
Final products containing solid contaminants may result in multiple problems including:
Final products containing solid contaminants may result in multiple problems including:
- Particles in solid form within the fuel of the jet and gasoline cause rejection of product and loss in the business.
- Fouling of distribution units results in costly repair and maintenance.
- Fouling of fuel gas streams can also result in fouling of control valve.
- Solid particles in grease can lead to frequent cleaning of the stainers.
- Final products meet the specifications and eliminate the cost of reprocessing.
- Eliminates fouling of distribution units thus saving the repair costs.
- Reduces issues of fouling and leads to direct cut down in costs by eliminating frequent need of burner system maintenance.
- Blended gasoline
- Diesel
- Kerosene/jet fuel
- Grease
With the increase in awareness of environmental aspects, the disposal of any form of waste has become an issue. Spent catalysts cause significant amounts of waste which is produced by the petrochemical industries.
The petroleum industries make use of hydro-cracking and hydrodesulfurization or HDS catalysts extensively. These catalysts lose effectiveness with the passage of time. When these catalysts reach a level that is below the acceptable range then these can be regenerated. But these can’t be regenerated every time.
Recycling of industrial wastes is claimed to be an economical opportunity. Several techniques including separation of different metals etc. are used most of the time.
The petroleum industries make use of hydro-cracking and hydrodesulfurization or HDS catalysts extensively. These catalysts lose effectiveness with the passage of time. When these catalysts reach a level that is below the acceptable range then these can be regenerated. But these can’t be regenerated every time.
Recycling of industrial wastes is claimed to be an economical opportunity. Several techniques including separation of different metals etc. are used most of the time.